Condenser

CondenserOften referred to as a condenser or capacitor is a device that can store energy in an electric field, by collecting internal imbalance of electric charge. Condenser has a unit called the farad from the name of Michael Faraday. Condenser is also known as the "capacitor", but the word "condenser" is still used today. First named by an Italian scientist Alessandro Volta in 1782 (from the Italian condensatore), with respect to the ability of a device to store electrical charge higher than other components. Most languages ​​and countries that do not use English still refer to the Italian word "condensatore" condensateur French, Indonesian and German or Spanish Condensador capacitors.

    Identified condenser has two legs and two poles is positive and negative and has a liquid electrolyte and usually tubular.

    Polarized condenser condenser symbol symbol 3.jpg (having poles) in the electronics scheme.

    While most of the other types of rated capacity is lower, does not have a positive or negative pole on her feet, mostly in the form of flat round brown, red, green and other such tablets or buttons.

    Coat symbol.jpg Capacitor capacitor (does not have poles) on the electronics scheme.
However, the habits and the condition and the articulation of the language of any country depends on people more often mentioned. Now the habit is just to mention one of the most dominant names in use or more frequently heard. At the present time, is often called a capacitor condenser (capacitor) or conversely that the science of electronics abbreviated with the letter (C).Capacitance
Condenser unit of capacitance is the Farad (F). However Farad is a unit that is too large, so it is used:

    Pikofarad (pF) = 1 \ times10 ^ {-12} \, F
    Nanofarad (nF) = 1 \ times10 ^ {-9} \, F
    Microfarad (\ mu \, F) = 1 \ times10 ^ {-6} \, F
The capacitance of the capacitor can be determined by the formula:
C = \ epsilon_0 \ epsilon_r \ frac {A} {d}
C: Capacitance
\ Epsilon_0: vacuum permittivity
\ Epsilon_r: relative permittivity
A: area of ​​the plates
d: distance between plates / thick dielectric
As for how to increase the capacitance of a capacitor or a capacitor with a road:

    Arranged in layers.
    Extending the surface variables.
    Using materials with great penetrating power.
Relative Dielectric Permittivity Dielectric PermittivityLow loss ceramic 7Ceramic high k 50 000Mika silver 6Paper 4Plastic film 2.8Polycarbonate 2.4Polystyrene 3.3Polyester 2.3Polypropylene 8Aluminum electrolytic 25Electrolyte tantalum 35The nature and kind of capacitorCharacteristics condenser Type Range Tolerance (%) Voltage AC prevalent (V) Voltage DC common (V) temperature coefficient (ppm / C) Frequency beheaded f_R (MHz) loss angle (\ tan \; \ delta) leakage resistance (\ Omega) StabilityPaper 10 nF - 10 uF ± 10% 500 V 600 V 300 ppm / C 0.1 MHz 0.01 109 \ Omega passable5 pF silver mica - 10 ± 0.5% nF - 400 V 100 ppm / C 10 MHz 0.0005 1011 \ Omega SplendidlyCeramic 5 pF - 1 uF ± 10% 250 V 400 V 30 ppm / C 10 MHz 0.01 108 \ Omega Good50 pF polystyrene - 500 nF ± 1% 150 V 500 V -150 ppm / C 10 MHz 0.0005 1012 \ Omega SplendidlyPolyester 100 pF - 2 uF ± 5% 400 V 400 V 400 ppm / C 1 0.001 MHz 1011 \ Omega EnoughPolypropylene 1 nF - 100 uF ± 5% 600 V 900 V 170 ppm / C 1 1010 0.0005 MHz \ Omega EnoughUF aluminum electrolytic 1 - 1 F ± 50% polarized 400 V 1500 ppm / C 0.05 0.05 MHz 108 \ Omega EnoughElectrolyte tantalum 1 uF - 2000 uF ± 10% polarized 60 V 500 ppm / C 0.1 MHz 0.005 108 \ Omega GoodType of condenser
Based on usefulness condenser is divided into:

    Fixed capacitors (rated capacity can not be changed)
    Electrolytic Capacitor (Condenser Electrolite = Elco)
    Variable capacitor (rated capacity can be changed)